Tag: SHELL-AND-TUBE
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Discover the enhanced power and innovative features of HTRI SmartPM™ 6.0
January 12, 2026
HTRI's innovative digital transformation (DX) software, SmartPM, continues to revolutionize performance monitoring and prediction of many complex and often heavily fouled networks of heat exchangers and fired heaters. Users enthusiastically suggest improvements, and HTRI implements many of them. These include new capabilities to extend the range of heat exchanger networks that...
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3D Printing Expands HTRI’s Research
December 08, 2025
Brandon White, Engineer, Experimental Research Additive manufacturing has matured to the point where complex, performance critical geometries can be produced quickly and cost effectively. At HTRI's Research & Technology Center (RTC), we have integrated a PhotoCentric® Liquid Crystal® Magna 3D printer into our development workflow. This system allows us to fabricate...
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HTRI advances seal strip analysis for X‑shell heat exchangers
October 13, 2025
Brandon White, Engineer, Experimental Research HTRI has launched a new experimental program at the Research & Technology Center (RTC), focusing on seal strip performance on shellside flow in shell-and-tube heat exchangers. While current methods are based on TEMA E-shell test data, HTRI is expanding the methodology to unbaffled TEMA X-shell configurations,...
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TT-33 Peripheral bypass sealing in shell-and-tube heat exchangers
September 15, 2025
Component: Xist Date posted: 15 September 2025 In shell-and-tube heat exchangers, mechanical clearances between bundle components and between the baffle and shell are essential for bundle fabrication, insertion, and removal. These clearances are standardized in Section 5 of the TEMA Standards [1]. The resultant bundle-to-shell radial clearance (i.e., the gap between the...
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Acoustic vibration … in a kazoo?
March 07, 2025
While visiting my favorite used bookstore, I spotted a display of kazoos near the cash register. I was going to teach HTRI's Vibration Analysis Short Course in a few days and thought I could reinforce some important concepts in the course by explaining how kazoos work. Plus, I remembered having fun...
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Achieving high efficiency in heat transfer equipment with HTRI digital twin technologies
February 11, 2025
The North American Refining Technology Conference (NARTC) was held January 21 — 22, 2025 in Houston, Texas. In the official conference newspaper, HTRI staff discuss the role of digital twins in heat transfer efficiency and how HTRI is at the forefront of developing solutions to advance predictive and preventive maintenance. ...
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HTRI Training: A Global Success Story
February 11, 2025
Over the past year, HTRI Training has been well received, engaging over 900 users across the globe. We conducted 14 online workshops, 13 live webinars, 9 in-person events (in China, Europe, Japan, Korea, and US), and 6 sessions for individual companies (in Australia, Canada, India, Spain, and US). Click images to enlarge...
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STS-4 Heat Transfer in Liquid Metals
January 29, 2025
Most experimental and numerical investigations on heat transfer in liquid metals with Pr < 0.1 concern tubeside flow, but a select few focus on shellside flow. This report reviews and compares single-phase heat transfer correlations for liquid metals in turbulent flow. It demonstrates that different sets of correlations should be used...
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Noise, vibration, and … harshness?
December 04, 2023
NVH (noise, vibration, and harshness) is an increasingly important design metric for many commercial products—from vacuum cleaners and dishwashers, to lawnmowers and chain saws, to cars, trucks, and aircraft. Consumers demand a product that performs well but with low "observables." The first two qualities are measureable. A sound power meter can...
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Sneak Preview: SmartPM 5.0
March 24, 2021
SmartPM™ is HTRI’s performance monitoring and predictive maintenance software for shell-and-tube exchanger networks. With this software, you can rapidly build complex digital twin models, re-using any available Xist® files connect to plant data sources such as OSIsoft PI System™ and synchronize with Xist to populate with real plant performance data, geometry, and stream properties run either...
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Baffle design dictates ideal flow
June 11, 2020
Ashley Simmons, Engineer, Technical Support Each heat exchanger has unique requirements due to process constraints, site limitations, or cost concerns. The fundamentals of good design apply to every variety of exchanger. The primary goal of every designer is to optimize exchanger design for the most effective heat transfer possible. One of...
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Technical Committee Portal
November 01, 2016
The documents on this page are for Technical Committee use only. Please do not distribute. Technical Committee Meeting (April 1, 2025) Technical Committee Handbook Technical Committee Member Bios Technical Committee Nominating Charter Technical Committee Future Planning HTRI Idea Pool - FY 2026 projects and beyond (Updated: August 25, 2025) Feedback on...
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STG-21 Computational Simulation of Fluid Flow, Heat Transfer, and Temperature-induced Mechanical Stress in a Shell-and-tube Heat Exchanger
July 21, 2017
We completed a multiphysics computational simulation of a shell-and-tube exchanger, where simultaneous fluid flow and heat transfer of both fluid streams occurred. Temperature-induced mechanical stress also acted on the solid structures. A weak coupling of a finite-volume CFD Navier-Stokes model with a finite-element computational solid mechanics model underlies the multiphysics simulation....
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Educational: Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchangers in Refineries
January 16, 2017
Oil refineries fractionate components by exploiting their boiling point differences. This process is energy intensive, requiring the oil to be heated to temperatures up to 750 °F. Heat exchangers are critical to recovering the heat input and to making the process more efficient and economical. Because of their key role in...
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S-SS-3-27 A Review of the A-stream Model of the Stream Analysis Method
January 16, 2017
After a brief overview of the evolution of the Stream Analysis Method, we use CFD simulation results to compare A-stream, tube-to-baffle leakage flow geometry and pressure drop models. We propose a modified A-stream pressure drop model for the refactored software that, contrary to current usage in HTRI Xchanger Suite 7, calculates...
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S-SS-3-25 Analysis of NTIW shellside performance using CFD and Xist
January 16, 2017
Using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and Xist, HTRI simulated three configurations of no-tubes-in-window (NTIW) bundles in shell-and-tube heat exchangers. Our analysis of the trends in pressure drop and heat transfer underscores the importance of window friction and window momentum losses, even without tubes in this region, as well as the existence...
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Research Update: Predicting Phase Separation in Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchangers
January 16, 2017
Recent experiments performed in the Multi-purpose Visualization Unit (MVU) analyzed the dependence of shellside phase separation on exchanger geometry. During this webinar, we discuss the variation of the stratified to non-stratified transition boundary with exchanger geometry, applicable over a wide range of flow regime parameters....
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S-SS-3-19 Improved Pressure Drop Method for Helical Quadrant Baffle Exchangers
January 16, 2017
A shellside helical flow path in a shell-and-tube exchanger can provide a number of distinct advantages over the reversing, serpentine flow path of conventional segmental baffles; however, current open literature prediction methods do not provide the confidence engineers need to make sound design decisions. Several fundamental geometric parameters either are not...
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Q7-4 CFD Study of Inlet Zone Performance: Parallel vs. Perpendicular Segmental Baffle Cuts
January 16, 2017
Under contract from HTRI, university researchers simulated the fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics in the inlet zone of a shell-and-tube exchanger using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Results revealed that the ratio of heat transfer to pressure drop for parallel baffle cut orientation was as low as 71 percent of that...
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STG-13 Computational Fluid Dynamics Study of Impingement Plates
January 16, 2017
The results of a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) study of impingement devices for inlet nozzles on shell-and-tube heat exchangers reveal the deleterious effects of increased velocity and pressure drop for a number of configurations. Simulations of entry flows with round and square solid plates as well as with rod grids were...
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